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How to Implement Zigbee Topology in OMNeT++

To implement a Zigbee topology in OMNeT++ has encompasses to generate a network that follows the Zigbee protocol that is usually used for low-power, low-data-rate wireless communication and it is typically contain of three types of devices that are coordinators, routers, and end devices. These networks are frequently organized in star, tree, or mesh topologies. The given below are the procedures on how to implement the zigbee protocol in OMNeT++:

Step-by-Step Implementation:

  1. Set up OMNeT++ and INET Framework
  • Make sure that OMNeT++ and the INET framework are installed and correctly configured. Furthermore, the Castalia framework or the MiXiM framework is focussed for wireless sensor networks and Zigbee-like protocols that can be used as they offer Zigbee models and tools. This instance assumes that we have Castalia installed, which is suited for Zigbee simulations.
  1. Define the Zigbee Topology in a NED File
  • Generate a .ned file to describe the network topology. In a Zigbee network, we usually have one coordinator, numerous routers, and multiple end devices.

Example:

package zigbeeTopologyExample;

import castalia.node.ZigbeeNode; // Assuming Castalia or similar is used for Zigbee simulation

import castalia.node.ZigbeeCoordinator;

import castalia.node.ZigbeeRouter;

import castalia.node.ZigbeeEndDevice;

network ZigbeeTopology

{

parameters:

int numRouters = default(2);  // Number of routers in the Zigbee network

int numEndDevices = default(4);  // Number of end devices in the Zigbee network

submodules:

coordinator: ZigbeeCoordinator {

parameters:

@display(“p=100,100”);

}

router[numRouters]: ZigbeeRouter {

parameters:

@display(“p=300+200*i,100”);

}

endDevice[numEndDevices]: ZigbeeEndDevice {

parameters:

@display(“p=200+100*i,200”);

}

connections allowunconnected:

// Coordinator connects to routers

for i=0..numRouters-1 {

coordinator.pppg++ <–> WirelessChannel <–> router[i].pppg++;

}

// Routers connect to end devices

for i=0..numEndDevices-1 {

router[i % numRouters].pppg++ <–> WirelessChannel <–> endDevice[i].pppg++;

}

}

  • ZigbeeCoordinator: The central node that starts and handles the Zigbee network.
  • ZigbeeRouter: Intermediate nodes that extend the network range and route data.
  • ZigbeeEndDevice: Leaf nodes that interact with their parent router or coordinator.
  1. Configure the Nodes in OMNeT++ INI File
  • In the omnetpp.ini file, configure the properties of the nodes, like the communication parameters, energy consumption, and the applications they will run.

Example:

network = zigbeeTopologyExample.ZigbeeTopology

# General settings for wireless communication

*.coordinator*.nic.radio.transmitter.communicationRange = 100m

*.router*.nic.radio.transmitter.communicationRange = 100m

*.endDevice*.nic.radio.transmitter.communicationRange = 50m

# Example application setup: End devices send data to the coordinator via routers

*.endDevice[*].applicationName = “SensorApp”

*.endDevice[*].application.packetRate = 1s

*.endDevice[*].application.packetSize = 64B

*.router[*].applicationName = “RoutingApp”

*.coordinator.applicationName = “CoordinatorApp”

# Enable energy management to simulate battery-operated devices

*.endDevice[*].energyModelName = “SimpleEnergyModel”

*.endDevice[*].initialEnergy = 10J

  • Wireless Communication Range: Set proper interaction ranges to reflect the short-range, low-power nature of Zigbee devices.
  • Applications: Configure applications on the end devices to occasionally send data to the coordinator, possibly through routers.
  • Energy Model: To mimic energy consumption especially for battery-operated end devices.
  1. Run the Simulation
  • After setting up the network topology and configuration compile and run the simulation in OMNeT++. Monitor how the coordinator handles the network, how data is routed via routers, and how end devices communicate with their parent routers.
  1. Analyse the Results
  • To visualize and measure the network traffic use OMNeT++’s built-in tools. Inspect how data is transfered in the Zigbee network, how routing is managed, and how energy consumption disturbs the network’s operation.
  1. Enhancements and Variations
  • Scalability Testing: Upsurge the number of routers and end devices to check the scalability of the Zigbee network. Evaluate how the network manages the increased traffic and node density.
  • Energy Efficiency: Investigate numerous energy management strategies and measure how they disturb the lifespan of battery-operated end devices.
  • Dynamic Topologies: Familiarize node mobility or failure scenarios to see how the Zigbee network adapts to changes.

Example Files

  1. ZigbeeTopology.ned: Defines the Zigbee topology.
  2. omnetpp.ini: Contains configuration settings for the simulation.

We demonstrate how the zigbee topology will perform in OMNeT++ tool that has generate the network then how it interact with zigbee devices and it mimic the energy consumption for devices. Additional we provide further details regarding how the zigbee topology will perform in tools.

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