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How to implement optimal routing in OMNeT++

To implement Optimal routing in OMNeT++ has usually defined to routing that chooses paths to reduce or exploit certain network performance metrics like latency, throughput, or cost and it needs a custom approach since “optimal” can vary depending on the particular condition to optimize. The below is the procedure to execute the basic form of optimal routing in OMNeT++ using the INET framework:

Step-by-Step Implementation:

Step 1: Set Up OMNeT++ and INET Framework

  1. Install OMNeT++:
    • Make sure OMNeT++ is installed on system. Download it from the OMNeT++
  2. Install the INET Framework:
    • Download and install the INET Framework, which offers various networking protocols and models. INET can be downloaded from the INET GitHub repository.

Step 2: Create a New OMNeT++ Project

  1. Create the Project:
    • Open OMNeT++ and generate a new OMNeT++ project through File > New > OMNeT++ Project.
    • Name project such as OptimalRoutingSimulation and set up the project directory.
  2. Set Up Project Dependencies:
    • Make sure project references the INET Framework by right-clicking on project in the Project Explorer, navigating to Properties > Project References, and checking the INET project.

Step 3: Define the Network Topology

  1. Create a NED File:
    • Describe network topology using the NED language. This topology will contain routers and hosts that will use optimal routing.

Example:

network OptimalRoutingNetwork

{

submodules:

router1: Router {

@display(“p=100,200”);

}

router2: Router {

@display(“p=300,200”);

}

router3: Router {

@display(“p=200,300”);

}

router4: Router {

@display(“p=400,200”);

}

host1: StandardHost {

@display(“p=50,350”);

}

host2: StandardHost {

@display(“p=450,350”);

}

connections allowunconnected:

router1.ethg++ <–> Eth10Gbps <–> router2.ethg++;

router2.ethg++ <–> Eth10Gbps <–> router3.ethg++;

router3.ethg++ <–> Eth10Gbps <–> router4.ethg++;

router1.ethg++ <–> Eth10Gbps <–> router3.ethg++;

router2.ethg++ <–> Eth10Gbps <–> router4.ethg++;

router1.ethg++ <–> Eth10Gbps <–> host1.ethg++;

router4.ethg++ <–> Eth10Gbps <–> host2.ethg++;

}

  1. Configure Network Parameters:
    • Set up necessary link parameters like bandwidth, delay, and packet loss to mimic a realistic network environment.

Step 4: Implement the Optimal Routing Protocol

  1. Define the Optimal Routing Module:
    • Generate a new module in NED for the optimal routing algorithm. This module will estimate the optimal paths based on the particular optimization conditions.

Example (in NED):

simple OptimalRouting

{

parameters:

@display(“i=block/network2”);

gates:

inout lowerLayerIn[];

inout lowerLayerOut[];

}

  1. Implement Optimal Routing Logic in C++:
    • To execute the routing logic in C++ that calculates the best paths based on the chosen metric like shortest path, minimum latency, and maximum throughput.

Example (C++ implementation):

#include <map>

#include <vector>

#include “inet/common/INETDefs.h”

#include “inet/networklayer/contract/IRoutingTable.h”

#include “inet/networklayer/ipv4/IPv4RoutingTable.h”

#include “inet/networklayer/ipv4/IPv4Route.h”

 

class OptimalRouting : public cSimpleModule

{

private:

IRoutingTable *inetRoutingTable;

protected:

virtual void initialize() override;

virtual void handleMessage(cMessage *msg) override;

void computeOptimalRoutes();

};

Define_Module(OptimalRouting);

void OptimalRouting::initialize() {

inetRoutingTable = getModuleFromPar<IRoutingTable>(par(“routingTableModule”), this);

// Compute and add optimal routes to the routing table

computeOptimalRoutes();

}

void OptimalRouting::handleMessage(cMessage *msg) {

// Handle incoming packets

cPacket *packet = check_and_cast<cPacket *>(msg);

Ipv4Address destAddr = packet->getContextPointer();  // Assuming the packet contains the destination address in its context

const Ipv4Route *route = inetRoutingTable->findBestMatchingRoute(destAddr);

if (route) {

send(packet, “lowerLayerOut”, route->getInterface()->getNetworkLayerGateIndex());

} else {

delete packet;  // Drop the packet if no route is found

}

}

void OptimalRouting::computeOptimalRoutes() {

// Example: Compute the shortest paths based on Dijkstra’s algorithm

// This is just an example; you would implement your own optimal route computation logic

// using metrics like delay, bandwidth, or a custom cost function

Ipv4Route *route1 = new Ipv4Route();

route1->setDestination(Ipv4Address(“10.0.0.2”));

route1->setNetmask(Ipv4Address::ALLONES_ADDRESS);

route1->setGateway(Ipv4Address(“10.0.0.2”));

route1->setMetric(10);  // Example metric (e.g., hop count, delay)

route1->setInterface(inetRoutingTable->getInterfaceByName(“eth0”));

inetRoutingTable->addRoute(route1);

Ipv4Route *route2 = new Ipv4Route();

route2->setDestination(Ipv4Address(“10.0.0.3”));

route2->setNetmask(Ipv4Address::ALLONES_ADDRESS);

route2->setGateway(Ipv4Address(“10.0.0.3”));

route2->setMetric(10);  // Example metric

route2->setInterface(inetRoutingTable->getInterfaceByName(“eth1”));

inetRoutingTable->addRoute(route2);

// Add more routes as needed based on the optimal routing algorithm

}

    • Metric Calculation: Implement logic to estimate optimal routes based on chosen metrics, like delay, bandwidth, or hop count. Dijkstra’s algorithm is often used for shortest path routing, but we need to implement more complex metrics if needed.
    • Routing Table Population: Populate the routing table with the computed optimal routes.

Step 5: Set Up the Simulation

  1. Configure the Simulation in omnetpp.ini:
    • Set up the simulation parameters, like simulation time, network settings, and traffic patterns.

Example:

network = OptimalRoutingNetwork

sim-time-limit = 100s

 

**.scalar-recording = true

**.vector-recording = true

# Configure Optimal Routing

*.router*.ipv4.routingTable.routingProtocol = “OptimalRouting”

  1. Traffic Configuration:
    • Configure the traffic patterns like UDP or TCP applications running on the hosts, to make the network activity and validate the optimal routing.

Step 6: Run the Simulation

  1. Compile the Project:
    • Make sure everything is correctly implemented and compiled.
  2. Run Simulations:
    • To apply the simulations using OMNeT++’s IDE or command line. Monitor how optimal routing directs packets based on the chosen criteria.

Step 7: Analyse the Results

  1. Monitor Routing Behaviour:
    • To assess how packets are routed according to the optimal paths we computed. Validate that all routers are following the optimal routing paths.
  2. Evaluate Performance:
    • Analyse key performance metrics like packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and path utilization.
    • Scalars and Vectors: Use OMNeT++ tools to record and measure scalar and vector data, like the number of packets sent, received, and dropped, as well as the effectiveness of the chosen paths.
  3. Check for Issues:
    • Look for difficulties that has routing loops, packet loss, or suboptimal performance that may indicate issues with the optimal routing implementation.

Step 8: Refine and Optimize the Implementation

  1. Address Any Issues:
    • Regulate the optimal routing algorithm or routing table configurations based on the simulation results to enhance performance.
  2. Re-Test:
    • Run the simulation again with the optimized configuration to verify the enhancements.

In the end, we had discovered the simple implementation process on how to execute the Optimal routing that manages the routes and enhance the network performance. If you need additional information regarding the optimal routing we will provide it too.

We’re here to help you with the best routing options in the OMNeT++ tool for your research and simulation results. Don’t hesitate to contact us if you need assistance. Our goal is to provide you with the most efficient strategies for your project