How to Implement Multi Criteria based Routing in OMNeT++

To implement the multi-criteria-based routing in OMNeT++, we need to configure a routing protocol which takes numerous factors into account while making routing decisions. Factors contain metrics like delay, energy consumption, reliability, bandwidth or any combination of relevant criteria. The protocol will assess these criteria to pick the most appropriate path for data transmission. The given procedure will guide to implement it in OMNeT:

Steps to Implement Multi-Criteria-Based Routing in OMNeT++

1. Install OMNeT++ and INET Framework:
   • Make certain that OMNeT++ and the INET framework are installed. INET offers fundamental network components that you can extend to genery a custom routing protocol.
2. Define Network Topology:
   • In .ned file, we need to state a network topology that contains nodes and connections amongst them.
3. Design the Multi-Criteria Routing Algorithm:
   • Detect the criteria that will be used for routing decisions (example: delay, energy, reliability).
   • Develop an algorithm that assess these criteria and choose the best route according to the weighted decision-making process or another multi-criteria decision-making method.
4. Implement the Routing Protocol in C++:
   • Execute the multi-criteria routing logic by generating a new C++ class in OMNeT++.
   • The class should uphold information about different criteria for each route and use this information to make routing decisions.
5. Integrate the Routing Protocol with Network Nodes:
   • Alter the node modules to use the new routing protocol for forwarding packets.
6. Simulation Configuration:
   • Configure the simulation in the .ini file. This encompasses configuring parameters for the routing criteria and describing how frequent routing decisions are made.
7. Run and Analyze the Simulation:
   • Run the simulation and assess the performance of the multi-criteria routing protocol. Evaluate metrics like packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and energy consumption to define the efficiency of the routing decisions.

Example: Implementing a Simple Multi-Criteria Routing Protocol

1. Network Definition in .ned File

network MultiCriteriaNetwork

{

submodules:

node1: MCNode {

@display(“p=100,200”);

}

node2: MCNode {

@display(“p=200,200”);

}

node3: MCNode {

@display(“p=300,200”);

}

node4: MCNode {

@display(“p=200,100”);

}

connections:

node1.radioModule <–> node2.radioModule;

node2.radioModule <–> node3.radioModule;

node2.radioModule <–> node4.radioModule;

node3.radioModule <–> node4.radioModule;

}

2. Implement the Multi-Criteria Routing Protocol in C++

Build a C++ class for the multi-criteria routing protocol.

#include <omnetpp.h>

#include <map>

using namespace omnetpp;

class MultiCriteriaRouting : public cSimpleModule

{

protected:

struct RouteInfo {

int nextHop;

double delay;

double energy;

double reliability;

};

std::map<int, RouteInfo> routingTable;  // Map: Destination -> Route Information

std::map<int, double> neighborDelays;   // Map: Neighbor -> Link Delay

std::map<int, double> neighborEnergy;   // Map: Neighbor -> Energy Consumption

std::map<int, double> neighborReliability; // Map: Neighbor -> Link Reliability

virtual void initialize() override;

virtual void handleMessage(cMessage *msg) override;

void updateRoutingTable(int destination, RouteInfo info);

int selectBestRoute(int destination);

void handlePacket(cPacket *packet);

public:

void forwardPacket(cPacket *packet);

};

Define_Module(MultiCriteriaRouting);

void MultiCriteriaRouting::initialize()

{

// Initialize the routing table with information about direct neighbors

for (int i = 0; i < gateSize(“out”); i++) {

cGate *outGate = gate(“out”, i);

int neighborId = outGate->getNextGate()->getOwnerModule()->getId();

double delay = outGate->getChannel()->par(“delay”).doubleValue();

double energy = outGate->getChannel()->par(“energy”).doubleValue();

double reliability = outGate->getChannel()->par(“reliability”).doubleValue();

neighborDelays[neighborId] = delay;

neighborEnergy[neighborId] = energy;

neighborReliability[neighborId] = reliability;

RouteInfo info = {neighborId, delay, energy, reliability};

updateRoutingTable(neighborId, info);

}

}

void MultiCriteriaRouting::handleMessage(cMessage *msg)

{

if (cPacket *packet = dynamic_cast<cPacket *>(msg)) {

handlePacket(packet);

} else {

delete msg;  // Delete any other message

}

}

void MultiCriteriaRouting::updateRoutingTable(int destination, RouteInfo info)

{

routingTable[destination] = info;

}

int MultiCriteriaRouting::selectBestRoute(int destination)

{

// Select the best route based on a weighted combination of criteria

double bestScore = -1;

int bestNextHop = -1;

for (const auto &entry : routingTable) {

int nextHop = entry.second.nextHop;

double score = 1 / (entry.second.delay + entry.second.energy + (1 – entry.second.reliability));  // Example scoring function

if (score > bestScore) {

bestScore = score;

bestNextHop = nextHop;

}

}

return bestNextHop;

}

void MultiCriteriaRouting::handlePacket(cPacket *packet)

{

int destination = packet->par(“destination”).intValue();

int nextHop = selectBestRoute(destination);

 

if (nextHop != -1) {

send(packet, “out”, nextHop);

} else {

delete packet;  // Drop the packet if no route is found

}

}

3. Modify Node Modules to Use Multi-Criteria Routing

Extend the node definition to attach the MultiCriteriaRouting module.

simple MCNode

{

gates:

input radioIn;

output radioOut;

submodules:

radioModule: Radio {

@display(“p=50,50”);

}

routing: MultiCriteriaRouting {

@display(“p=100,100”);

}

connections:

radioIn –> routing.in;

routing.out –> radioOut;

}

4. Configure the Simulation in .ini File

network = MultiCriteriaNetwork

sim-time-limit = 100s

**.radio.txPower = 1mW

**.routing.updateInterval = 5s  # Time interval for sending routing updates

**.routing.criteriaWeights = “0.5 0.3 0.2”  # Weights for delay, energy, reliability

Running the Simulation

• Compile the C++ code and run the simulation using OMNeT++.
• Monitor how the multi-criteria routing protocol assess various routes and picks the best one based on the combined metrics.

The above has a step-by-step guide to implementing a simple multi-criteria-based routing protocol in OMNeT++. Also, we provided how to design an algorithm and routing protocol to accomplish it along with an example.

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