How to Implement MANET IoT in OMNeT++

To implement the Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) in OMNeT++ which is used for Internet of Things (IoT) required generating a network in which IoT devices (sensors, actuators, etc.) can communicate in an ad hoc manner except depending on fixed infrastructure. It is useful in situations like disaster recovery, smart cities, or remote monitoring, where infrastructure may not be available. This approach will help you implement MANET in OMNeT:

Steps to Implement MANET IoT in OMNeT++

Install OMNeT++ and INET Framework:
- Make sure that OMNeT++ and the INET framework are installed. INET delivers necessary components for wireless communication, mobility, and routing in MANETs.
Define the Network Topology:
- State a network topology using a .ned file, generating numerous IoT devices that will communicate in a MANET environment. These devices should have mobility and be able to route packets to one another.
Implement IoT Device Models:
- Build or use existing models for IoT devices that mimic their actions in a MANET environment. This could contain sensor data generation, power consumption models, and communication protocols.
Configure the Routing Protocol:
- Pick and set up a suitable routing protocol for MANET like AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) or DSR (Dynamic Source Routing). The protocol should be able to manage dynamic topologies and efficiently route packets amongst IoT devices.
Simulate Various IoT Scenarios:
- Define scenarios where IoT devices move, collect data, and communicate with each other. Examples contains environmental monitoring, smart city applications, or disaster recovery scenarios.
Configure the Simulation Environment:
- Set up parameters like node mobility, routing protocol settings, data generation rates, and simulation time by using .ini file.
Run the Simulation and Analyze Results:
- Accomplish the simulation and assess the performance of the MANET IoT network. Key metrics include packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, network throughput, and energy consumption.

Example: Implementing a Basic MANET IoT Network in OMNeT++

Define the Network Topology in a .ned File

// MANETIoTNetwork.ned

package networkstructure;

import inet.node.inet.WirelessHost;

import inet.mobility.single.RandomWaypointMobility;

network MANETIoTNetwork

{

parameters:

int numNodes = default(10); // Number of IoT devices in the network

submodules:

node[numNodes]: WirelessHost {

@display(“p=100,100”);

mobility.typename = “inet.mobility.single.RandomWaypointMobility”;

numApps = 1;

app[0].typename = “IoTApp”;

}

Implement the IoT Application Model

Generate a C++ class for a simple IoT application that mimics sensor data generation and communication in a MANET environment.

#include <omnetpp.h>

#include <inet/applications/base/ApplicationBase.h>

using namespace omnetpp;

using namespace inet;

class IoTApp : public ApplicationBase

{

protected:

virtual void initialize(int stage) override;

virtual void handleMessageWhenUp(cMessage *msg) override;

void generateSensorData();

public:

virtual int numInitStages() const override { return NUM_INIT_STAGES; }

};

Define_Module(IoTApp);

void IoTApp::initialize(int stage)

{

ApplicationBase::initialize(stage);

if (stage == INITSTAGE_APPLICATION_LAYER) {

// Schedule initial sensor data generation

scheduleAt(simTime() + uniform(1, 5), new cMessage(“generateData”));

}

void IoTApp::handleMessageWhenUp(cMessage *msg)

{

if (strcmp(msg->getName(), “generateData”) == 0) {

generateSensorData();

scheduleAt(simTime() + uniform(1, 5), msg); // Re-schedule to generate more data

} else {

delete msg;

}

void IoTApp::generateSensorData()

{

EV << “Generating and sending sensor data.” << endl;

// Simulate sensor data generation

cMessage *dataPacket = new cMessage(“SensorData”);

send(dataPacket, “wlan$o”); // Send the data packet over the wireless interface

}

Configure the Routing Protocol

Configure a MANET routing protocol like AODV in the .ini file.

network = networkstructure.MANETIoTNetwork

sim-time-limit = 300s

# Node settings

*.node[*].wlan.mac.maxQueueSize = 1000

*.node[*].wlan.phy.transmitter.power = 2mW

*.node[*].mobility.bounds = “500m 500m” # 2D space dimensions

# Routing protocol configuration

*.node[*].hasGlobalARP = false

*.node[*].routingProtocol = “AODV”

Explanation of the Example

Network Topology (MANETIoTNetwork.ned):
- The network involves multiple IoT devices (numNodes), each running a basic IoT application that creates and communicates sensor data. The devices move inside the stated area using the RandomWaypointMobility model.
IoT Application Logic (IoTApp.cc):
- The IoTApp module simulates the definition of sensor data and its transmission over the wireless network. The data is occasionally created and sent to other nodes in the MANET.
Routing Protocol (AODV):
- The AODV routing protocol is configured to manage the dynamic topology of the MANET and efficiently route packets amongst IoT devices.

Running the Simulation

Compile the project in OMNeT++ IDE and run the simulation.
Use OMNeT++’s tools to evaluate how the IoT devices communicate in the MANET environment. Focus on metrics includes packet delivery ratio, delay, and energy consumption.

Extending the Example

Advanced Sensor Data Models: Implement more composite sensor data generation models like environmental monitoring data, and imitate how the network manages changing data loads.
Energy-efficient Protocols: Implement or incorporate energy-efficient routing protocols to extend the battery life of IoT devices in the MANET.
QoS Requirements: Introduce QoS requirements for specific kinds of data (e.g., critical alerts) and alter the routing protocol to prioritize such data.
Scalability Testing: Examine the scalability of the MANET by raising the number of IoT devices and analyze how the network performance changes with a higher node density.
Mobility Models: Experiment with various mobility models (e.g., GaussMarkovMobility, LinearMobility) to simulate several real-world scenarios and their influence on the network.
Integration with Cloud or Edge Computing: Simulate scenarios where IoT devices offload data processing to edge servers or cloud services, and study how this impacts the MANET’s performance.

In Conclusion, we offered step-by-step manual which helps you to learn about the network topology and routing protocols include the AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) and how to configure them in the network to implement the MANET IoT using OMNeT++ with examples and snippet codes.

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