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How to Implement greedy perimeter stateless routing in OMNeT++

To implement the Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) is a famous geographic routing protocol used in wireless networks, specifically in ad hoc networks. GPSR uses the place of routers and a packet’s destination to make forwarding decisions. The protocol works in two modes are greedy mode and perimeter mode. In greedy mode, packets are forwarded to the neighbour nearby the destination. If greedy forwarding fails like the packet reaches a local maximum where no neighbour is nearby the destination, the protocol changes to perimeter mode, where the packet is routed throughout the perimeter of the void.

The following is a step-by-step notes to implementing GPSR in OMNeT++ using the INET framework.

Step-by-Step Implementations:

Step 1: Set Up OMNeT++ and INET Framework

  1. Install OMNeT++:
    • Make sure OMNeT++ is installed on the system. Download it from the OMNeT++
  2. Install the INET Framework:
    • Download and install the INET Framework, which offers different networking protocols and models, with those for wireless and mobile networks. INET can be downloaded from the INET GitHub repository.

Step 2: Create a New OMNeT++ Project

  1. Create the Project:
    • Open OMNeT++ and to form a new OMNeT++ project through File > New > OMNeT++ Project.
    • Name the project like GPSRSimulation and set up the project directory.
  2. Set Up Project Dependencies:
    • Make sure the project references the INET Framework by right-clicking on the project in the Project Explorer, directing to Properties > Project References, and verifying the INET project.

Step 3: Define the Network Topology

  1. Create a NED File:
    • Define the network topology using the NED language. This topology will contains mobile or static nodes that will use the GPSR routing protocol.

Example:

network GPSRNetwork

{

submodules:

host1: WirelessHost {

@display(“p=100,200”);

}

host2: WirelessHost {

@display(“p=300,200”);

}

host3: WirelessHost {

@display(“p=200,300”);

}

host4: WirelessHost {

@display(“p=400,100”);

}

connections allowunconnected:

// Wireless connections are implicit in INET; no need to define wired connections.

}

  1. Configure Network Parameters:
    • Set up essential wireless network parameters like bandwidth, transmission power, mobility, and so on to mimic a realistic ad hoc network setting.

Step 4: Implement the GPSR Routing Protocol

  1. Use INET’s Built-in Support for GPSR:
    • INET already embraces support for GPSR, so we don’t need to implement the protocol from scratch. Still, we will configure GPSR in the network.
  2. Configure GPSR in the NED File:
    • Each host or node must be configured to use GPSR as the routing protocol.

Example:

host1: WirelessHost {

@display(“p=100,200”);

mobility.typename = “StationaryMobility”;

wlan[0].typename = “AdhocHost”;

wlan[0].macLayerType = “AODV”;

wlan[0].routingTable.routingProtocol = “GPSR”;

}

  1. Configure GPSR in omnetpp.ini:
    • Specify GPSR parameters in the omnetpp.ini file, like the beacon interval, maximum number of hops, etc.

Example:

[General]

network = GPSRNetwork

sim-time-limit = 100s

**.scalar-recording = true

**.vector-recording = true

**.host*.mobility.typename = “StationaryMobility”

**.host*.wlan[0].macLayerType = “AODV”

**.host*.wlan[0].routingTable.routingProtocol = “GPSR”

# GPSR specific parameters

**.host*.wlan[0].routingTable.gpsr.beaconInterval = 1s

**.host*.wlan[0].routingTable.gpsr.maxPerimeterHops = 20

Step 5: Set Up the Simulation

  1. Configure the Simulation in omnetpp.ini:
    • Set up the simulation parameters like simulation time, network settings, and traffic patterns as exposed in the sample above.
  2. Traffic Configuration:
    • Configure the traffic patterns, such as UDP or TCP applications running on the hosts, to make network activity and trigger GPSR routing.

Step 6: Run the Simulation

  1. Compile the Project:
    • Make sure everything is correctly implemented and compiled.
  2. Run Simulations:
    • Perform the simulations using OMNeT++’s IDE or command line. Observe how the GPSR routing protocol works in both greedy and perimeter modes.

Step 7: Analyze the Results

  1. Monitor GPSR Behavior:
    • Assess how GPSR operates in both greedy and perimeter modes. Verify how packets are forwarded when the greedy mode fails, and the protocol changes to perimeter mode.
  2. Evaluate Performance:
    • Analyse key performance metrics like the number of hops, packet delivery ratio, and end-to-end delay.
    • Scalars and Vectors: Use OMNeT++ tools to record and analyse scalar and vector data, like the number of packets sent, received, and dropped, also the time taken to deliver packets.
  3. Check for Issues:
    • Consider for issues like routing loops, packet loss, or excessive delay that may indicate problems with the GPSR implementation.

Step 8: Refine and Optimize the Simulation

  1. Address Any Issues:
    • Regulate GPSR parameters or network configuration based on the simulation results to optimize enactment.
  2. Re-Test:
    • Run the simulation again with the enhanced configuration to confirm improvements.

Overall we had to declare that to build NED files, how to works the protocol, to execute the Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing in OMNeT++ using INET framework. Additional particulars will be provided to match your specification. Drop us all your research datas for complete implementation and simulation guidance.

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