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How to Implement dsr routing in OMNeT++

To implement the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) is a responsive routing protocol for wireless mesh networks and mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). In DSR, the route is resolute on-demand and continued simply as long as it is needed. DSR uses foundation routing, where the contributor defines the whole order of nodes over onward a packet.

Given below is a step-by-step guide to executing DSR routing in OMNeT++ using the INET framework.

Step-by-Step Implementations:

Step 1: Set Up OMNeT++ and INET Framework

  1. Install OMNeT++:
    • Make sure OMNeT++ is installed on the system. We can download it from OMNeT++
  2. Install the INET Framework:
    • Install and download INET, several networking protocols and models, comprising some MANET protocols provided by INET Frameworks. INET download from the INET GitHub repository.

Step 2: Create a New OMNeT++ Project

  1. Create the Project:
    • Open OMNeT++ and make a new OMNeT++ project through File > New > OMNeT++ Project.
    • Name the project like DSRRoutingSimulation and fix the project directory.
  2. Set Up Project Dependencies:
    • Make sure the project situations the INET Framework by right-clicking on the project in the Project Explorer, navigating to Properties > Project References, and testing the INET project.

Step 3: Define the Network Topology

  1. Create a NED File:
    • State the network topology using the NED language. This topology will contain nodes configured to use the DSR routing protocol.

Example:

network DSRNetwork

{

parameters:

int numHosts = default(5); // Number of hosts in the network

submodules:

host[numHosts]: StandardHost {

@display(“i=block/host”);

}

connections:

for i=0..numHosts-1 for j=i+1..numHosts-1 {

host[i].wlan[0] <–> AdhocLink <–> host[j].wlan[0];

}

}

  1. Configure Network Parameters:
    • Setting up the needed link parameters like bandwidth, delay, and mobility to simulate a true network situation.

Step 4: Implement the DSR Routing Protocol

DSR routing protocol is a complex protocol that entails of way finding and route keep phases. To implement the DSR in OMNeT++, when start by important a new routing protocol module that manages these tasks.

  1. Create the DSR Module in NED

Example (in NED):

simple DSR

{

parameters:

@display(“i=block/network2”);

gates:

inout lowerLayerIn[];

inout lowerLayerOut[];

}

  1. Implement DSR in C++

We can start with a simple implementation that manages the route discovery and packet forwarding. Here is the basic construction:

Example (C++ implementation):

#include “inet/common/INETDefs.h”

#include “inet/networklayer/contract/IRoutingTable.h”

#include “inet/networklayer/ipv4/IPv4RoutingTable.h”

#include “inet/networklayer/ipv4/IPv4Route.h”

#include “inet/networklayer/common/L3Address.h”

#include “inet/networklayer/common/L3AddressResolver.h”

#include “inet/common/packet/Packet.h”

#include “inet/networklayer/common/InterfaceTable.h”

class DSR : public cSimpleModule

{

private:

IRoutingTable *inetRoutingTable;

InterfaceTable *interfaceTable;

std::map<L3Address, std::vector<L3Address>> routeCache; // DSR route cache

protected:

virtual void initialize() override;

virtual void handleMessage(cMessage *msg) override;

void initiateRouteDiscovery(const L3Address& destAddr);

void forwardPacket(Packet *packet, const L3Address& destAddr);

void routeRequest(Packet *packet);

void routeReply(Packet *packet);

void routeError(Packet *packet);

};

Define_Module(DSR);

void DSR::initialize() {

inetRoutingTable = getModuleFromPar<IRoutingTable>(par(“routingTableModule”), this);

interfaceTable = getModuleFromPar<InterfaceTable>(par(“interfaceTableModule”), this);

}

void DSR::handleMessage(cMessage *msg) {

Packet *packet = check_and_cast<Packet *>(msg);

L3Address destAddr = packet->getTag<L3AddressReq>()->getDestAddress();

if (routeCache.find(destAddr) != routeCache.end()) {

forwardPacket(packet, destAddr);

} else {

initiateRouteDiscovery(destAddr);

}

}

void DSR::initiateRouteDiscovery(const L3Address& destAddr) {

// Create and broadcast a route request packet

Packet *routeReqPacket = new Packet(“RouteRequest”);

// Add necessary headers and information to the packet

send(routeReqPacket, “lowerLayerOut”, 0); // Broadcast to all neighbors

}

void DSR::forwardPacket(Packet *packet, const L3Address& destAddr) {

const std::vector<L3Address> &path = routeCache[destAddr];

if (!path.empty()) {

L3Address nextHop = path.front();

send(packet, “lowerLayerOut”, inetRoutingTable->findInterfaceForDestAddr(nextHop)->getInterfaceId());

} else {

delete packet; // Drop packet if no valid route exists

}

}

void DSR::routeRequest(Packet *packet) {

// Handle incoming route request

// If the node is the destination or has a route, send a route reply

}

void DSR::routeReply(Packet *packet) {

// Handle incoming route reply

// Update route cache and forward the packet

}

void DSR::routeError(Packet *packet) {

// Handle incoming route error

// Invalidate the route and possibly reinitiate route discovery

}

Step 5: Configure the Simulation

  1. Set Up the Simulation in omnetpp.ini:
    • Outline the simulation parameters like the network to use, simulation time, and traffic generation among the hosts.

Example:

[General]

network = DSRNetwork

sim-time-limit = 100s

**.scalar-recording = true

**.vector-recording = true

# Configure traffic patterns (e.g., UDP traffic between hosts)

*.host[0].numApps = 1

*.host[0].app[0].typename = “UdpBasicApp”

*.host[0].app[0].destAddress = “host[3]”

*.host[0].app[0].destPort = 5000

*.host[0].app[0].messageLength = 1024B

*.host[0].app[0].sendInterval = uniform(1s, 2s)

  1. Compile and Run the Simulation:
    • Make sure everything is properly implemented and compiled. Run the simulation by using OMNeT++’s IDE or command line.

Step 6: Analyze the Results

  1. Monitor Network Behavior:
    • Let see how routes are exposed and how packets are promoted. Verify the routing cache to see how it informs through the time.
  2. Evaluate Performance:
    • Evaluate key performance metrics like packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and route finding latency.
    • Scalars and Vectors: By using the OMNeT++ tools to save and evaluate scalar and vector data, like the number of routes discovered, the number of packets sent, received, and dropped, in addition to the time taken to deliver packets.

Step 7: Optimize and Extend the Protocol

  1. Address Any Issues:
    • If the simulation exposes any matters like incorrect routing, packet loss, alter the routing logic or network conformation as required.
  2. Extend the Protocol:
    • To execute the extra features like handling route errors, route caching optimizations, and better conduct of mobility.

The above notes we are showing how to implement the DSR Routing in OMNeT++ with some examples. We have successfully implemented DSR routing in the OMNeT++ tool, so feel free to share your project details with us. We’re here to help you achieve the best simulation results! Our expertise covers all protocols related to wireless mesh networks and mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), tailored to your specific projects.