How to Implement Bus Star Hybrid Topology in OMNeT++

To implement the Bus-Star hybrid topology in OMNeT++ requires to include generating a network that merges both bus and star topologies. In the topology, multiple star networks are connected through a bus topology. This kind of topology includes the reliability and manageability of a star topology is frequently used to balance the simplicity and low cost of a bus topology.

Step-by-Step Implementations:

1. Set up OMNeT++ and INET Framework

• Make sure that OMNeT++ and the INET framework are installed and correctly configured. The INET framework offers the required modules for mimicking several network topologies has contains hybrid ones.

2. Define the Bus-Star Hybrid Topology in a NED File

• Make a .ned file to define the network topology. The network will consist of numerous star topologies connected through a central bus.

Example: A Bus-Star Hybrid Topology with 3 Star Networks

package busStarHybridTopologyExample;

import inet.node.inet.StandardHost;

import inet.node.ethernet.EtherSwitch;

network BusStarHybridTopology

{

parameters:

int numStarNetworks = default(3);  // Number of star networks

int numHostsPerStar = default(3);  // Number of hosts per star network

submodules:

starSwitch[numStarNetworks]: EtherSwitch {

parameters:

@display(“p=100+300*i,200”);

}

busNode: StandardHost {

parameters:

@display(“p=200,400”);

}

host[numStarNetworks][numHostsPerStar]: StandardHost {

parameters:

@display(“p=100+100*j+300*i,300”);

}

connections allowunconnected:

// Connect each star switch to the bus

for i=0..numStarNetworks-1 {

starSwitch[i].ethg++ <–> EtherChannel <–> busNode.ethg++;

}

// Connect hosts to their respective star switches

for i=0..numStarNetworks-1 {

for j=0..numHostsPerStar-1 {

host[i][j].ethg++ <–> EtherChannel <–> starSwitch[i].ethg++;

}

}

}

• Star Networks: Each star network is denoted by a switch connected to numerous hosts.
• Bus Connection: The star networks are interconnected by a bus node that denotes the shared communication medium.
• Ether Switch: Represents the central switch in each star topology.

3. Configure the Nodes in OMNeT++ INI File

• In the omnetpp.ini file, configure the properties of the nodes, like IP addresses, routing, and the applications they will run.

Example:

[General]

network = busStarHybridTopologyExample.BusStarHybridTopology

# Configure IP addresses for the hosts

*.host[*][*].ipv4.arp.typename = “GlobalArp”

*.host[*][*].eth[0].ipv4.address = “10.0.x.y”

*.host[*][*].eth[0].ipv4.netmask = “255.255.255.0”

# Configure IP address for the bus node

*.busNode.ipv4.arp.typename = “GlobalArp”

*.busNode.eth[0].ipv4.address = “10.0.0.1”

*.busNode.eth[0].ipv4.netmask = “255.255.255.0”

# Example application setup: host[0][0] communicates with host[2][2]

*.host[0][0].numApps = 1

*.host[0][0].app[0].typename = “UdpBasicApp”

*.host[0][0].app[0].destAddresses = “10.0.2.3”  # IP address of host[2][2]

*.host[0][0].app[0].destPort = 5000

*.host[0][0].app[0].messageLength = 1024B

*.host[0][0].app[0].sendInterval = 1s

*.host[2][2].numApps = 1

*.host[2][2].app[0].typename = “UdpSink”

*.host[2][2].app[0].localPort = 5000

• IP Addressing: Assign IP addresses to each host in the network, make sure that each star network has a single subnet if needed.
• Applications: Configure applications on the hosts to mimic network traffic across the hybrid topology.

4. Implement Routing and Switching Logic

• Routing Protocols: If the hybrid topology spans many subnets, we may essential to configure routing between the subnets. It can done using dynamic routing protocols like OSPF or static routing.

Example: Enabling OSPF on all switches and the bus node

*.starSwitch[*].hasOspf = true

*.busNode.hasOspf = true

• Switching Logic: The EtherSwitch modules will manage Ethernet switching, allowing traffic to be routed among hosts in the star network and through the bus.

5. Run the Simulation

• To compile and run the simulation in OMNeT++ after setting up the network topology and configuration. Monitor how traffic flows between hosts in various star networks by the bus and how the network handles various traffic patterns.

6. Analyze the Results

• To visualize and analyse the network traffic by using OMNeT++’s built-in tools. Observe how data is transmitted between hosts in various star networks, how the bus handles the gathered traffic, and how the hybrid topology performs under numerous conditions.

7. Enhancements and Variations

• Scalability Testing: Rise the number of star networks and hosts to test the scalability of the bus-star hybrid topology. Consider how the network handles increased traffic and node density.
• Failure Scenarios: Announces switch or link failures to see how the network performs and how resilient it is to disruptions.
• Load Balancing: Execute load balancing techniques if required, to provide traffic evenly across the bus and star networks.

Example Files

1. BusStarHybridTopology.ned: States the bus-star hybrid topology.
2. omnetpp.ini: Includes configuration settings for the simulation.

Above details, we had establish to how to define Bus star hybrid topology in NED file, to implement routing and switching logic, observe the results to execute Bus Star Hybrid Topology in OMNeT++.

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