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How to Implement Mobile Sensing in OMNeT++

To implement the Mobile Sensing in OMNeT++, we have to generate a network in which the mobile nodes (like smartphones, vehicles or drones) aggregate and transfer sensor data when they travel via the environment. It can be done in different application includes environmental monitoring, traffic management, or participatory sensing. The given below is the brief structured approach to implement Mobile Sensing in OMNeT++ tool:

Steps to Implement Mobile Sensing in OMNeT++

  1. Install OMNeT++ and INET Framework:
    • Make certain that OMNeT++ and the INET framework are installed. INET offers necessary components for simulating wireless networks like mobility models, wireless communication protocols, and sensor data managing.
  2. Define the Network Topology:
    • Use .ned file to generate a network topology which has mobile nodes equipped with sensors. You may also attach fixed infrastructure like base stations or a central server to gather data from the mobile nodes.
  3. Implement the Mobile Sensing Mechanism:
    • Simulate data collection and transmission when the nodes move by building or use the existed mechanisms. It contains mobility models, data generation, and communication protocols for transmitting the aggregated data.
  4. Simulate Various Scenarios:
    • Set up scenarios where mobile nodes move various areas, collect sensor data, and transfer it to a base station or a central server. The scenarios could involve multiple mobility patterns, sensor types, and data transmission breaks.
  5. Configure the Simulation Environment:
    • Use the .ini file to configure parameters like node mobility, data generation rates, communication range, and transmission power.
  6. Run the Simulation and Analyze Results:
    • Implement the simulation and analyze the performance of the mobile sensing mechanism. Key metrics such as data accuracy, network coverage, energy consumption, and data latency.

Example: Implementing Basic Mobile Sensing in OMNeT++       

  1. Define the Network Topology in a .ned File

// MobileSensingNetwork.ned

package networkstructure;

import inet.node.inet.WirelessHost;

import inet.node.inet.Router;

network MobileSensingNetwork

{

parameters:

int numMobileNodes = default(5);  // Number of mobile nodes

 

submodules:

mobileNode[numMobileNodes]: WirelessHost {

@display(“p=100,100”);

numApps = 1;

app[0].typename = “MobileSensingApp”;

mobility.typename = “MassMobility”; // Mobility model

}

baseStation: Router {

@display(“p=200,200”);

}

connections:

mobileNode[*].wlan[0] <–> WirelessChannel <–> baseStation.wlan[0];

}

  1. Implement the Mobile Sensing Mechanism

Monitor sensor data collection and transmission to the base station by generating a C++ class for the mobile nodes.

#include <omnetpp.h>

#include <inet/applications/base/ApplicationBase.h>

#include <inet/mobility/single/IMobility.h>

using namespace omnetpp;

using namespace inet;

class MobileSensingApp : public ApplicationBase

{

protected:

double sensingInterval;

double transmissionInterval;

cModule *baseStation;

IMobility *mobility;

virtual void initialize(int stage) override;

virtual void handleMessageWhenUp(cMessage *msg) override;

void senseEnvironment();

void transmitData();

public:

virtual int numInitStages() const override { return NUM_INIT_STAGES; }

};

Define_Module(MobileSensingApp);

void MobileSensingApp::initialize(int stage)

{

ApplicationBase::initialize(stage);

if (stage == INITSTAGE_APPLICATION_LAYER) {

sensingInterval = par(“sensingInterval”).doubleValue();

transmissionInterval = par(“transmissionInterval”).doubleValue();

baseStation = getParentModule()->getParentModule()->getSubmodule(“baseStation”);

mobility = check_and_cast<IMobility *>(getParentModule()->getSubmodule(“mobility”));

// Schedule initial sensing and transmission

scheduleAt(simTime() + uniform(0, sensingInterval), new cMessage(“senseEnvironment”));

scheduleAt(simTime() + uniform(0, transmissionInterval), new cMessage(“transmitData”));

}

}

void MobileSensingApp::handleMessageWhenUp(cMessage *msg)

{

if (strcmp(msg->getName(), “senseEnvironment”) == 0) {

senseEnvironment();

scheduleAt(simTime() + sensingInterval, msg);  // Re-schedule sensing

} else if (strcmp(msg->getName(), “transmitData”) == 0) {

transmitData();

scheduleAt(simTime() + transmissionInterval, msg);  // Re-schedule data transmission

} else {

delete msg;

}

}

void MobileSensingApp::senseEnvironment()

{

// Example: Collect sensor data based on the current location

Coord position = mobility->getCurrentPosition();

EV << “Sensing environment at position: ” << position << endl;

// Simulate sensor data collection

double sensorValue = uniform(0, 100);  // Example sensor value

EV << “Collected sensor data: ” << sensorValue << endl;

// Store sensor data (e.g., for later transmission)

cMessage *dataPacket = new cMessage(“SensorData”);

dataPacket->addPar(“positionX”) = position.x;

dataPacket->addPar(“positionY”) = position.y;

dataPacket->addPar(“sensorValue”) = sensorValue;

sendDirect(dataPacket, baseStation, “wlan$o”);

}

void MobileSensingApp::transmitData()

{

// Example: Transmit collected data to the base station

EV << “Transmitting data to base station.” << endl;

// Here you can implement data transmission logic (if stored data needs to be sent)

}

  1. Configure the Simulation in the .ini File

network = networkstructure.MobileSensingNetwork

sim-time-limit = 300s

# Mobile node settings

*.mobileNode[*].app[0].sensingInterval = 10s;  # Interval for sensing the environment

*.mobileNode[*].app[0].transmissionInterval = 15s;  # Interval for transmitting data

*.mobileNode[*].mobility.typename = “inet.mobility.single.RandomWaypointMobility”;  # Mobility model

*.mobileNode[*].mobility.bounds = “500m 500m”;  # Simulation area

# Base station settings

*.baseStation.wlan.mac.maxQueueSize = 1000;

*.baseStation.wlan.phy.transmitter.power = 5mW;

  1. Explanation of the Example
  • Network Topology (MobileSensingNetwork.ned):
    • The network consists of multiple mobile nodes equipped with sensors and a base station that collects the data. The mobile nodes move based on a mobility model (e.g., Random Waypoint Mobility).
  • Mobile Sensing Mechanism (MobileSensingApp.cc):
    • The MobileSensingApp periodically senses the environment based on the node’s current position and transmits the collected data to the base station. The sensing and transmission intervals can be modified.
  • Simulation Configuration (omnetpp.ini):
    • The .ini file configures the mobility model, sensing and transmission intervals, and other parameters to simulate mobile sensing in a dynamic environment.

Running the Simulation

  • Compile the project in OMNeT++ IDE and run the simulation.
  • Use OMNeT++’s tools to assess how mobile nodes collect and transmit sensor data as they travel through the environment. Focus on metrics like data accuracy, network coverage, energy consumption, and data latency.

Extending the Example

  • Advanced Sensing: Implement more sophisticated sensing mechanisms that contemplate factors like sensor accuracy, environmental conditions, or task-specific requirements.
  • Data Aggregation: Present data aggregation techniques in which the mobile nodes preprocess the collected data before transmission, decreasing the load on the network.
  • Energy-Efficient Sensing: Implement energy-efficient algorithms that alter the sensing and transmission pauses according to the node’s battery level or the importance of the data.
  • Cooperative Sensing: Implement cooperative sensing, where multiple mobile nodes collaborate to improve the precision and consistency of the collected data.
  • Heterogeneous Sensing: Introduce various kinds of sensors on the mobile nodes to simulate scenarios where several types of environmental data (e.g., temperature, humidity, air quality) are collected.
  • Real-Time Sensing: Implement real-time sensing and transmission for time-sensitive applications like handling dangerous areas or identifying anomalies.

With this approach, we have delivered the implementation steps of Mobile Sensing using INET framework to simulate the wireless network, defining the network topology to execute this in OMNeT++ tool. We intend to offer the additional features of mobile sensing with samples.

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